Scalp Problems

When we think about healthy hair, it's easy to focus on the strands and completely forget about the skin underneath. However, your scalp plays an important role in the health and appearance of your hair. Many scalp concerns can be managed with the right care and understanding what's causing the problem is the first step toward finding a solution.

Dandruff

Dandruff is one of the most common scalp concerns, yet it is often confused with a dry scalp. Both conditions can cause flaking, but they are not the same. Dandruff is an inflammatory skin condition that is linked to a combination of scalp oils, a yeast called Malassezia that lives on the skin, and individual sensitivity. It is not caused by poor hygiene, and it is not contagious.

Dandruff produces white or yellowish flakes that may appear greasy, and the scalp may also feel itchy and look slightly red. A dry scalp, on the other hand, usually causes smaller, drier flakes and is often the result of a lack of moisture.

Most mild cases of dandruff can be treated with over-the-counter dandruff shampoos. If your symptoms are severe, don't improve after several weeks of treatment, or include significant redness or pain, it's important to see a doctor for an evaluation.

Dry Scalp

A dry scalp is another common concern, especially during colder months or in dry climates. Indoor heating, harsh hair products, and low humidity can all reduce your skin's moisture level, leaving the scalp feeling itchy and being flaky.

Because dry scalp and dandruff can look similar, people sometimes treat it with dandruff products when what they really need is extra moisture. Paying attention to the size and texture of the flakes, along with whether your scalp feels oily or dry, can help you tell the difference.

Keeping your scalp hydrated is often the best approach. Using a gentle, moisturizing shampoo, avoiding very hot water, and applying conditioners or scalp moisturizers can help restore comfort.

If dryness persists or is accompanied by thick scales, irritation, or hair loss, consult a doctor to rule out other scalp conditions such as eczema or psoriasis.

Different types of scalp problems

Oily Scalp

An oily scalp is frustrating, especially if the rest of your hair feels dry. It happens because the scalp produces sebum, an oil that helps protect both the skin and hair. Some people’s scalp produces more sebum than others due to genetics and hormones. If your scalp becomes oily quickly after washing, you don't necessarily need to shampoo the entire length of your hair every time. Instead, focus the shampoo on your scalp, where excess oil builds up, and apply conditioner mainly to the mid-lengths and ends of your hair. This helps cleanse the scalp without leaving the rest of your hair feeling dry.

While brushing helps to distribute natural oils through your hair, it does not reduce or regulate your scalp’s oil production. Likewise, rinsing with cool water may feel refreshing, but it does not close pores or slow the scalp's oil production.

If excessive oiliness is persistent or accompanied by redness, itching, or heavy flaking, it is important to see a doctor.

Scalp Acne

Just like the skin on your face, the scalp can develop pimples. Many scalp breakouts are folliculitis (inflammation of the hair follicles), although true acne can also occur. Both conditions can cause bumps and itching.

Keeping the scalp clean and avoiding heavy styling products may help to reduce breakouts. For mild cases, products containing salicylic acid can help clear clogged pores when used carefully on the affected areas. Products containing benzoyl peroxide can also be effective for acne, but they may bleach color-treated hair, towels and clothes.

If scalp breakouts don't improve with over-the-counter treatments, it's a good idea to see a doctor.

This article is intended for informational purposes only. For medical advice or a diagnosis, contact a doctor.

©hairfinder.com

See also:

Hair diseases

Adult cradle cap